This kingdom includes all the multicellular photosynthetic organisms called plants.
They are present in almost all type of habitats. They grow in aquatic habitat, terrestrial habitat, very cold conditions etc.
They all have two stages in their life cycle- a haploid gametophytic and diploid sporophytic generations.
Most of the members of this kingdom are autotrophic and have coloured photosynthetic pigment.
Kingdom plantae includes algae, bryophyta, pteridophyta, gymnosperms and angiosperms.
Basis of Classification
1. Artificial System of classification
It was the earlier system of classification given by Linnaeus.
In this system, only gross superficial morphological characters are considered.
Since it was based on few characteristics, closely related species were separated in this system.
Equal weightage was given to both vegetative and sexual characters, which was not acceptable as vegetative characters affected very easily.
2. Natural System of Classification
The natural system of classification were based on morphology, anatomy, embryology and phytochemistry.
Natural system of classification for flowering plants was given by George Bentham and Dalton Hooker.
This system of classification is used in most of the Herbaria.
3. Phylogenetic System of Classification
This system of classification is based on evolutionary relationships among organisms.
This system assumes, the organisms of same taxa have a common ancestor.
Other sources used by taxonomists
Numerical taxonomy: It is based on all observable characters. Now it is carried out using computers. The number and codes are assigned to all characters, the data is fed into computer. Each character is considered and given equal importance in this system.
Cytotaxonomy: It is based on cytological information about an organism like chromosome number, structure, behaviour etc.
Chemotaxonomy: it is the classification on the basis of chemical constituent of plants.
Classification of Kingdom Plantae
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They are present in almost all type of habitats. They grow in aquatic habitat, terrestrial habitat, very cold conditions etc.
They all have two stages in their life cycle- a haploid gametophytic and diploid sporophytic generations.
Most of the members of this kingdom are autotrophic and have coloured photosynthetic pigment.
Kingdom plantae includes algae, bryophyta, pteridophyta, gymnosperms and angiosperms.
Basis of Classification
1. Artificial System of classification
It was the earlier system of classification given by Linnaeus.
In this system, only gross superficial morphological characters are considered.
Since it was based on few characteristics, closely related species were separated in this system.
Equal weightage was given to both vegetative and sexual characters, which was not acceptable as vegetative characters affected very easily.
2. Natural System of Classification
The natural system of classification were based on morphology, anatomy, embryology and phytochemistry.
Natural system of classification for flowering plants was given by George Bentham and Dalton Hooker.
This system of classification is used in most of the Herbaria.
3. Phylogenetic System of Classification
This system of classification is based on evolutionary relationships among organisms.
This system assumes, the organisms of same taxa have a common ancestor.
Other sources used by taxonomists
Numerical taxonomy: It is based on all observable characters. Now it is carried out using computers. The number and codes are assigned to all characters, the data is fed into computer. Each character is considered and given equal importance in this system.
Cytotaxonomy: It is based on cytological information about an organism like chromosome number, structure, behaviour etc.
Chemotaxonomy: it is the classification on the basis of chemical constituent of plants.
Classification of Kingdom Plantae
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